外源物质处理促进砂生槐种子萌发的效应分析

Effects on Promotion of Sophora moorcroftiana Seed Germination under Exogenous Substances Treatment

以2015年采自西藏的3个不同群体的砂生槐种子为研究对象,对4种不同外源物质处理下砂生槐种子萌发相关多项指标和已萌发种子的胚芽和胚根长度进行测量和分析,以期获得最佳的促萌方法。结果表明:1)4种外源物质处理中H2SO4对种子萌发的促进作用最显著,发芽率最高可达对照的29倍,发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数最高可达对照的33~73倍,其他3种化学物质处理作用较弱,处理间无显著差异,且不同群体对同一处理的反应不同。2)群体5的萌发指标在对照处理下显著高于群体1和群体3,在外源物质处理下种子萌发指标按增幅大小顺序为群体1>群体3>群体5,胚芽和胚根长度缩短程度按大小顺序为群体1>群体3>群体5,群体1最敏感,群体5不敏感。3)群体1和群体3最佳促萌处理为98%的H2SO4,发芽率分别可达58%和39.33%,群体5的最佳处理为80%的H2SO4,发芽率可达48%,且以上浓度下对应群体的发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数均达最大值,其他3种外源物质亦有与群体对应的最优处理浓度,同一外源物质处理下,发芽率最高的处理浓度与其他指标的最优处理浓度不一定相同,过高的温度、过高浓度的激素和酸处理对胚芽和胚根长度有负面作用,在促萌育苗方面应综合考虑选择。

Taking the seeds of Sophora moorcroftiana that were collected from three plant communities in Tibet in 2015 as research objects,effects of four exogenous substances on the promotion of seed germination and growth were investigated.Parameters related to seed germination and the growth of radicle and plumule were measured and analyzed to obtain the best germination promotion method.It was found that1）among four substances,H2 SO4 was the most effective one to the seed germination,in which the germination rate could be 29 times higher than the control,and the germination potential,GI and VI were 33-73 times than those of the control.For the rest of other three substances,no significant promotion effects and differences were observed,moreover,seeds from different population showed different results in a sametreatment.2）In the control,the germination indices of the seeds from population No.5 was significantly higher than those of population No.1 No.3.While in different treatments,the germination indices was in the order of No.1〉No.3〉No.5,while the germ and radicle length decrease was also in the order of No.1〉No.3〉No.5.3）The best exogenous substance for the germination of the seeds of population No.1 and population No.3 was 98% H2SO4,and the germination rate was 58% and 39.33% respectively.The best treatment for the seed germination of population No.5 was 80% H2SO4,and the germination rate could reach 48%.Under the above concentration of H2 SO4,the germination potential,GI and VI all reached the best.The other three exogenous substances treatments also had its best concentration.In a same treatment,the concentration for the highest germination rate and other indexes was not necessarily the same.High temperature,high concentration hormone and acid treatment all negatively affect the germ and radicle length,so all those factors should be taken into account for seedling and germination promotion.