26个葡萄砧木品种耐旱性评价

Evaluations on the Drought Resistance of 26 Grape Rootstocks

以26份1年生葡萄砧木为试验材料,设计干旱(土壤最大含水量的30%~35%)和对照(土壤最大含水量的70%~80%)2个处理,调查干旱处理后不同时期的旱害指数和旱死率,测定干旱28d后叶片的相对含水量、叶绿素含量、叶片水势及根系活力等5项生理指标,并利用隶属函数法综合评价26份砧木的抗旱性。结果表明,抗旱性极强的砧木包括110R、1103P、420A、香槟尼;抗旱性强的砧木包括山河2号、Dog Ridge、抗砧3号、SO4、140Ru、8B、Gloire;抗旱性中等的砧木包括5A、5BB、3309C、Salt creek、188-08、Freedom、龙紫宝;抗旱性弱的砧木包括山河3号、Eldorado、Valliant、Fercal、Grand Feuille、Beaumont、Beta、101-14M。通过对26份砧木的亲本来源分析,认为在砧木抗旱育种时,采用冬葡萄和沙地葡萄作为亲本后代的抗旱性较高。

One-year-old potted rootstocks of 26 grape varieties were taken as materials to examine their drought resistance.Two levels of water supply were set up：drought（30%-35% soil water content）and control（70%-80%）.Drought damage index and drought death rate were investigated in different drought time（7,14,21,28,35 days）,the leaf relative water content（RWC）,chlorophyll content,leaf water potential,root activity were determined on day 28.The drought-resistance level was evaluated with subordinate function.The results showed that the drought-resistance level of tested materials could be divided into four types.Those with the strongest drought resistance were 110 R,1103 P,420 A,Vitis champmii;followed by the group with relatively strong drought resistance,including Shanhe No.2,Dog Ridge,Kangzhen 3,SO4,140 Ru,8 B,Glore,group with moderate drought resistance included 5 A,5 BB,3309 C,Salt creek,188-08,Freedom,Lonzibao;and the poor drought resistance group were Shanhe No.3,Eldorado,Valliant,Fercal,Grand Feuille,Beaumont,Beta,101-14 M.After analyzing the parental origins,it was considered that V.berlandieri and V.rupestris as parents could attain more drought-resistant progenies.