新疆天然林生态系统服务功能价值评估

Assessment of Service Functions Value of the Natural Forest Protection Program in Xinjiang

依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721-2008),以新疆44个林场生态系统为研究对象,从涵养水源、固碳释氧、保育土壤、积累营养物质、净化大气和生物多样性保护6个方面对天然林保护工程实施两期中产生的生态服务功能及其价值进行定量评估。结果表明:1)2001年、2010年和2015年生态服务功能价值分别为350.39×108元、737.83×108元和887.99×108元,且6类服务功能项价值量大小排序整体表现为涵养水源>固碳释氧>生物多样性保护>净化大气>保育土壤>积累营养物质;2)2000-2015年新疆天保工程各区域生态服务功能价值量大小排序为阿尔泰山国有林管理局>天山东部国有林管理局>天山西部国有林管理局>地州所属林场及其他;3)全疆44个林场在天保工程实施期间价值量基本上均呈增长趋势,其中2000-2010年价值量年增长率3.84%~43.71%,2010-2015年价值量年增长率1.83%~13.94%;4)所有林区在2000年、2010年、2015年的总单位面积价值量分别为2.66×104元/hm^2、2.83×104元/hm^2、3.79×104元/hm^2。新疆天然林保护工程的实施,展现出了巨大的生态效益价值潜力,可为后续工程实施提供理论参考和支持。

Based on the forest industry standard ＂the Evaluation Criterion of Forest Ecosystem Service Function＂（LY/T1721-2008）,and taking the ecological systems of 44 forest farms in Xinjiang as the re- search objects,the ecological service functions and related values were assessed from 6 aspects of water conservation, carbon fixation＆oxygen release, soil conservation, nutrient accumulation, atmosphere envi- ronmental purification and biodiversity conservation during the implement of natural forest protection pro- ject in Xinjiang. The results showed that 1） the values of ecological service function in 2001,2010 and 2015 were 350.39× 10^8, 737. 83 × 10^8 and 887. 99×10^8 yuan RMB,respectively,and the overall performance of 6 kinds of service function values was in the order of water conservation〉arbon fixation〉oxygen released〉 biodiversity eonservation〉atmosphere environmental purification〉soil conservation〉nutrient accumula- tion. 2） During 2000--2015, the values of ecological service function in different project areas in Xinjiang were in the order of the State-owned Forest Administration of Altai Mountain〉the State-owned Forestrate in 2000--2010 were between 3. 84%--43.71%. The annual increase rate of the values in 2010--2015 was 1.83%-13.94 %. 4） The values per unit area in 2000,2010,2015 were 2.66× 10^4,2. 83 × 10^4,3. 79× 10^4 yuan RMB/hm2, respectively. The implementation of natural forest protection project in Xinjiang showed a great potential value of ecological benefit,which could provide theoretical reference and support for the follow-up project implementation.