APRI对ALT<2倍正常值上限慢性HBV感染抗病毒治疗指征的判断价值

Value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index in judging the indication for antiviral therapy in patients with chronic HBV infection and alanine aminotransferase less than two times of upper limit of normal

目的评价AST与PLT比值指数(APRI)对ALT<2倍正常值上限(ULN)慢性HBV感染者抗病毒治疗指征(肝脏炎症活动度分级≥G2或肝纤维化分期≥S2)的判断价值。方法回顾性分析2015年1月-2017年6月南阳市中心医院收治的ALT水平<2×ULN慢性HBV感染者207例,根据炎症分级和纤维化分期分为<G2和<S2组(87例)与≥G2或≥S2组(120例)。记录其肝穿刺活组织检查结果和实验室检查结果,并计算APRI评分;利用Spearman相关分析判断APRI与炎症活动度分级和纤维化分期的相关性。采用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)比较ALT、AST、PLT及APRI对ALT<2×ULN患者抗病毒适应证的判断效果。计量资料2组间比较采用t检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验;计数资料2组间比较采用χ2检验。结果 APRI与炎症活动度分级及纤维化分期呈正相关(r值分别为0.661、0.597,P值均<0.001)。在ALT、AST、PLT、APRI对抗病毒适应证的判断效果中,APRI的判断价值最高,其对判断≥G2或≥S2组、≥G2组、≥S2组的AUC分别为0.913、0.882、0.881。APRI预测≥G2或≥S2组的AUC为0.913(95%可信区间为0.871~0.954),最佳截断值为0.5324;当APRI≥0.5324时,患者存在显著的肝组织学病变,即肝组织炎症活动度分级≥G2或纤维化分期≥S2,达到抗病毒治疗的适应证;其预测的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为87.50%、89.66%、92.11%、83.87%。结论 APRI对于协助了解ALT<2×ULN的慢性HBV感染者的肝脏病理变化、决定抗病毒治疗时机有较好的判断价值,可减少临床应用肝穿刺有创评估组织学改变的频率。

Objective To investigate the value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index （APRI） in judging the indication for antiviral therapy [liver inflammation grade （G） ≥2 or fibrosis stage （S） ≥2] in patients with chronic HBV infection and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） ＜ 2 × upper limit of normal （ULN）.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 207 patients with chronic HBV infection and ALT ＜ 2 × ULN who were admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from January 2015 to June 2017,and according to liver inflammation grade and fibrosis stage,these patients were divided into G ＜ 2 ＋ S ＜ 2 group with 87 patients and G ≥2 or S ≥2 group with 120 patients.The results of liver biopsy and laboratory examination were recorded,and APRI was calculated.The Spearman correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation of APRI with liver inflammation grade and fibrosis stage.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） was used to investigate the value of ALT,aspartate aminotransferase （AST）,platelet count （PLT）,and APRI in judging the indication for antiviral therapy in patients with ALT ＜ 2 × ULN.The t-test or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups,and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups.Results APRI was positively correlated with liver inflammation grade and fibrosis stage （r =0.661 and 0.597,P ＜0.001）.Among ALT,AST,PLT,and APRI,APRI had the highest value in judging the indication for antiviral therapy,with AUCs of 0.913 in the G≥2 or S≥2 group,0.882 in the G≥2 group,and 0.881 in the S≥2 group.APRI had an AUC of 0.913 （95％ confidence interval：0.871-0.954） in predicting the indication in the G ≥ 2 or S ≥2 group at the optimal cut-off value of 0.5324;when APRI was ≥0.5324,the patients had marked liver histological changes,i.e.,G≥2 or S≥2,which met the indication for antiviral therapy.APRI had a sensitivity of 87.50％,a specificity of 89.66％,a positive predictive value of 92.11％,and a negative predictive value of 83.87％.Conclusion For patients with chronic HBV infection and ALT ＜ 2 × ULN,APRI has a good value in evaluating liver pathological changes and judging the timing of antiviral therapy and can reduce the frequency of invasive assessment of histological changes via liver biopsy.