黔东民族民间文化与高校思政理论课教学的融合研究——以贵州铜仁幼专思想政治理论课教学为研究对象

黔东地区位于贵州省东北部,享有"黔东门户"之美誉,是一个少数民族集聚地,世居着49个少数民族,民族民间文化绚丽丰富,独特厚重,拥有土家花灯、傩戏、书法、箫笛、山歌、炸龙、滚龙、龙舟赛、木偶、说春等非物质文化,还拥有苗族"四月八"、土家"过赶年"、侗家"赶坳节"、仡佬"敬雀节"、羌族"羌历年"和"毛龙节"、"花灯节"、"摆手舞节"、"龙舟节"等20余个民族民间文化节日。被誉为中国戏剧"活化石"的傩戏,古朴神韵的苗家四面鼓、土家摆手舞、土家山歌,惊险绝伦的苗族绝技绝活,是民族文化瑰宝。[1]基于地方民族民间文化有情感陶冶、体质锻炼、人格培养等方面的价值,认为黔东地区民族民间文化于高校思想政治理论课而言,是不可多得的教学资源。黔东地区民族民间文化可通过"写入教案,特色教学"、"撰写教材,专门讲授"、"走出课堂,实践体验"、"民俗之旅,寓教于游"等四个基本途径融入高校思想政治理论课教学。

Eastern Guizhou, located in the northeast of Guizhou Province, enjoys the reputation of ＂East Guizhou Port”. It is a gathering place for 49 ethnic minorities with gorgeous and rich folk culture. It owns the Tujia Lantern, Nuo Opera, Calligraphy, Flute, Mountain Song, Fireworks lit for Dragon Show, Dragon Boat Race, Puppet, and other non -material Cultures. In addition, there are more than 20 folk cultural festivals, such as ＂April 8th＂ of the Miao Minority, ＂Enjoy the Spring Festival＂ by the Tujia, the Dong ＇s ＂festival of Shopping＂, the ＂festival of honoring Birds＂, the Qiang ＂Qiang Dragon Festival＂, ＂Lantern Festival＂, ＂Maolong Festival＂,＂ Waving Hands Festival＂, ＂Dragon Boat Festival＂ and so on. The Nuo opera, known as the ＂living fossil＂ of Chinese drama, the four sides drum of the ancient and unsophisticated Miao, the Tujia swing and the Tujia folk songs, and the stunning Hmong＇s stunning skills are the national cultural treasures. Based on the value of local folk culture, such as emotional edification, physical exercise and personality cultivation, it is considered that the ethnic folk culture in the east of Guizhou is a rare teaching resource in the political theory course of colleges and universities. The ethnic folk culture of eastern Guizhou can be integrated into the political theory cours-es teaching in colleges and universities through four basic ways, such as ＂writing teaching case, characteristic teaching＂, ＂writing teaching textbooks, teaching specially＂, ＂walking out of class, experiencing by the students themselves＂, ＂cultural journey, teaching in travelling＂.