碳配额交易政策对供应链决策的影响研究

Decision of A Two-echelon Supply Chain under Cap-and-trade Regulation

本文基于一个由单制造商和单零售商构成的两级供应链,考虑消费者低碳偏好对市场需求的影响,利用博弈论的思想和数值模拟的方法,研究了碳配额交易政策对供应链生产决策的影响。通过对模型进行对比分析,得出整体决策下供应链最优利润总是大于分散决策的结果,且整体决策下单位产品碳排放量降低的更多,说明整体决策更有利于企业减排成本的投入。利用数值模拟分析得出,碳配额只与供应链总利润有关系,呈线性正相关;而碳交易价格则影响了产品的价格、销售量、单位产品减排量以及利润等,其中碳交易价格的不断增加使得供应链最优总利润呈现出先不断减小而后逐渐增加的趋势。

This paper analyses the decision behavior for a two-echelon supply chain with a single manufacturer and a single retailer under a cap-and-trade regulation,using game theory and numerical simulation method to consider the impact of consumers＇ low carbon preferences on market demand. Through the comparative analysis of decentralized and centralized decision model,it is concluded that the profit of supply chain is always more than the decentralized decision,and the unit emission reductions are greater than the decentralized decision results,it indicates that the centralized decision is more conducive to the investment cost reduction of enterprises. With numerical simulation method,we can find out that the cap-and-trade regulation only has a certain relation with the total profit of the supply chain; while the price of carbon trading has the impact of the price of the product,sales volume,unit product emission reduction and profit of manufacturers and retailers,the increasing of carbon＇s price makes the optimal total profit of the supply chain presents a trend to decrease first and then gradually increase.