西藏年楚河流域冰川及冰川湖变化特征及其对气候变化的响应

Change Characteristics of Glaciers and Glacial Lakes in the Nianchu River Basin in Tibet and Its Response to Climate Change

本文采用landsat陆地资源卫星数据和中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰川矢量编目数据和气象观测数据为数据源,利用GIS空间分析方法和气候统计方法,提取并分析了1987~2014年西藏年楚河流域冰川及冰川湖变化特征。结果表明:1987年年楚河流域内共有冰川82条,1987~2014年冰川总面积呈减少趋势,冰川面积减小18.386km2(8.34%),变化率为-5.23km2/10a;1987年流域内面积大于0.2km2的冰湖共有8个,1987~2014年,冰湖总面积呈增加趋势,冰湖面积增加1.489km2(7.06%),变化率为0.323km2/10a;年楚河流域年降水量变化不明显,年平均气温整体呈上升趋势(0.28℃/10a)。降水对冰川和冰湖变化影响较小,温度的持续升高是冰川和冰湖变化的主要因素。

This paper uses landsat satellite data and glacier vector catalog data and meteorological observation data as data sources. Using GIS spatial analysis methods and climate statistics methods,the characteristics of glaciers and glacial lakes in the Nianchu River Basin of Tibet from 1987 to 2014 were extracted and analyzed. The results show： there were 82 glaciers in the Nianchu River Basin in 1987,The total area of glaciers showed a decreasing trend,and the area of glaciers decreased by18. 386 km2（8. 34%）,the rate of change was-5. 23 km2/10 a From 1987 to 2014.There were 8 glacial lakes with an area greater than 0. 2 km2 In 1987. The total area of glacial lakes increased 1. 468 km2（6. 77%）,with a rate of change of 0. 323 km2/10 a From 1987 to 2014.The annual precipitation in the year of the Nianchu River Basin does not change significantly. The annual average temperature shows an upward trend with a rate of change of 0. 28°C/10 a. Precipitation has little effect on the changes in glaciers and glacial lakes,the continued increase in temperature is a major factor in the change of glaciers and glacial lakes.