质谱中气相离子/离子反应的研究进展

Research Progress on Gas-phase Ion/Ion Reaction in Mass Spectrometry

质谱仪不仅是一种重要的分析仪器,也是研究化学反应的重要工具。在质谱中,气相离子大多以单分子形式存在,反应效率较高,是研究气相离子/离子反应的理想选择。气相离子/离子反应可分为质子转移反应、电子转移反应、金属离子转移反应、电荷倒置反应和共价键生成反应。线性离子阱具有良好的离子选择和富集功能,适合作为气相离子/离子反应的反应器,使气相离子/离子反应在有机化学反应机理、多肽结构分析和气相离子化学等研究领域发挥重要的作用。本工作对近年来质谱中气相离子/离子反应的研究进行了综述,并展望了该研究未来的发展前景。

Gas-phase ion/ion reactions can be highly efficient, fast, specific and informative, and can be readily implemented in mass spectrometry. They are particularly promising as means for converting an ion formed directly by an ionization technique into a wide array of other ion types that can generate additional information regarding an analyte of interest. The gas-phase ion/ion reactions can be divided into three categories： acid/base neutralization reactions, redox reactions and covalent chemistries. Acid-base neutralization reactions can be subdivided into three types： proton transfer reactions, metal ion transfer reactions and charge inversion reactions. In addition, redox reactions are accompanied by electron transfer, so it is also known as electron transfer reactions. Compared to former ion/ion reaction devices based on quadrupole mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometer, linear ion trap is proved as a proper reactor for gas phase ion/ion reaction, as it has good ionic selection and enrichment function. In addition, a key advantage of the use of a linear ion trap as the reaction vessel is its well-known capability for executing MS n experiments as a result of the “tandem-in-time” nature of the device. Nowadays gas-phase ion/ion reactions play an important role in study of organic chemical reaction mechanism, analysis of polypeptide structure, and ion chemistry. And they may play a greater role in chemical, biological and other fields in the future.