光声成像分子造影剂

Molecular Contrast Agents for Photoacoustic Imaging

光声成像是利用光声效应成像的新型影像技术,具有光学成像高对比度和超声成像高穿透力的优势。光声成像分子包括内源性生色团和外源性造影剂,其中外源性分子造影剂的应用,使分子光声成像成为可能,因而具有广阔的生物医学应用前景及重要的研究意义。本文对光声成像外源性分子造影剂的物理化学性质及合成方式进行综述,重点介绍小分子有机染料、贵金属纳米颗粒、碳纳米材料、有机纳米多聚物、基因编码的生色团、铜铁化合物、半导体多聚物纳米颗粒等光声信号复合物及常见的配体分子,如小分子、肽类、亲和小体、适体和抗体等,并对未来本领域的相关研究进行展望。

Photoacoustic imaging,based on photoacoustic effect,is a new type of imaging technology. It has the advantages of both high contrast of optical imaging and high penetrability of ultrasound imaging. Photoacoustic imaging molecules consist of intrinsic chromophores and exogenous contrast agents. With the use of exogenous contrast agents,this modality has shown potential for molecular imaging,which has broad prospect and great importance in biomedical research. In this paper,we have reviewed exogenous contrast agents for molecular photoacoustic imaging, such as small-molecule organic dyes, noble metal nanoparticles, carbon nanostructures,organic polymer nanoparticles,genetically encoded chromophores,copper and iron compounds,and semiconducting polymer nanoparticles. Their physical and chemical characteristics and synthesis methods are talked about.Ligand molecules such as small molecules,peptides,affibodies,aptamers and antibodies are introduced. The future developing researches are also prospected.