信任的遗传基础:来自基因的证据

The genetic basic of trust:Evidence from genes

信任主要受到生物学因素和环境因素的共同影响。采用定量与分子遗传学的研究发现,与信任相关的基因有催产素受体基因、5-羟色胺转运体基因、抗利尿素1a受体基因。从生物学内部因素来看,基因影响荷尔蒙的产生和释放,荷尔蒙和特定脑区的活动又会影响信任;从基因与环境的相互作用理论来看,基因在环境与信任之间可能起到了调节作用。未来有必要开展多层面的研究,从更加系统的视角来看待信任的发生发展机制,进一步确认基因在信任的遗传机制中所起到的作用。

Trust behavior is mainly influenced by biological and environmental factors. Through quantitative or molecular genetic studies, researchers found that genes associated with trust include oxytocin receptor genes, serotonin transporter genes, and AVPR1 A gene. From a biological perspective, genes affect the production and release of hormones, while the activities of hormones and specific brain regions affect trust. From gene-environment interaction theory, genes may play a moderating role between the environment and trust behaviors. An important direction for future research is to investigate the mechanism of the occurrence and development of trust from a more integrated and systematic perspective, and to further confirm the genetic role in the genetic mechanism of trust.