道德提升感:一种提升道德情操的积极道德情绪

Moral elevation:A positive moral emotion associated with elevating moral sentiment

道德提升感,是指个体看到他人的道德行为时,欣赏他人的美德并感到自己的道德情操被提升,而产生的一种积极道德情绪。道德提升感具有情感、身体、认知和行为等四个成分。道德提升感可采用材料与情境进行诱发,采用标识词与量表进行测量。道德提升感的产生需要积极的内归因与积极的上行社会比较两个关键环节,还会受他人道德行为特点与个体自身特点的影响。道德提升感的产生还引起了脑神经、自主神经和内分泌反应。亲社会行为、积极的社会认知和对自身的积极作用是道德提升感所拥有的心理效应。未来对道德提升感的研究,可探讨它的神经与生理机制,探索它的扩展与建构效应,开展跨文化和本土化研究,并将它应用于道德教育中。

Moral elevation refers to a positive moral emotion response to a situation that, when witnessing other＇s moral behavior, people appreciates other＇s virtue and feels moral sentiment elevated. Moral elevation has affective, physical, cognitive, and behavioral aspects. Moral elevation can be induced by materials and situations, and be measured by identifier words and scales. The formation of moral elevation needs two key mechanisms, including positive inner attribution and positive upward social comparison, and these mechanisms can be affected by the characteristics of other＇s moral behavior and the observer＇s characteristics. Moral elevation triggers activation of the cranial and autonomic nerve as well as endocrine reactivity. Psychological effects of moral elevation include promoting pro-social behavior and positive social cognition, and enhancing positive impact to oneself. Future researches of moral elevation should investigate its physiological mechanisms, explore its broaden-and-build effects, examine diverse cultural and indigenous populations, and consider applications to moral education.