大型汉法词典四字成语收词和释义对比研究——以《汉法大词典》和《利氏汉法辞典》为例

A Comparative Study of the Inclusion and Definition of Chinese Four-Character Idioms in Large Chinese-French Dictionaries:The Case of Great Contemporary Chinese-French Dictionary and Ricci Chinese-French Dictionary

双语词典四字成语释义是一项复杂、艰难的工作。本研究从宏观收词、微观释义和中观关联这三个方面对《汉法大词典》和《利氏汉法辞典》中的四字成语进行对比考察,发现这两部大型汉法词典均具有收词丰富、释义精准、呈现多样性的共同特点,很大程度上满足了中外学习者对四字成语的查询需求,为汉语成语释义研究亦做出了巨大贡献。此外,因编纂宗旨不同,两部词典的编纂设计亦存在相异的特色。本研究最后亦指出大型汉法词典四字成语在释义方面的些微不足之处。

To define Chinese four-character idioms in bilingual dictionaries is a complicated and difficult task.This study,through a survey of two large Chinese dictionaries,namely,Ricci Chinese-French Dictionary and Great Contemporary Chinese-French Dictionary,analyses the common features of their definition of Chinese four-character idioms and finds that these two dictionaries have greatly met both the needs of the Chinese learners and francophone learners.In addition,animated by their different purposes of compilation,the two dictionaries show distinctive features in terms of compilation and design.This study also points out some slight deficiencies in their definitions of four-character idioms.