鲁迅形象在法国的早期建构——以1949年以前旅法学人与在华传教士的鲁迅译介为中心

The Original Image of Lu Xun in France as Constructed by the Translation of Lu Xun by Chinese Students in France and French-Speaking Missionaries before 1949

20世纪初期,旅法留学生与在华传教士首先将鲁迅推向西方世界。他们通过翻译与评介活动,促成了鲁迅形象在法国的早期建构。本文试图系统梳理1949年之前旅法留学生和在华传教士的鲁迅译介活动内容,通过研究译介文本选择、翻译副文本以及评介文本,析出鲁迅早期形象的三个方面,即现实主义讽刺文学大师、现代转型时期的开拓者和介入社会与政治的独异思想者。作家早期形象的生成对于法国鲁迅研究传统的建立与近百年鲁迅形象建构的动态历程具有重要意义。

Chinese students in France and French-speaking missionaries in China were the first to have introduced Lu Xun to the Western world in the early part of the twentieth century.Their translation and criticism activities helped to construct Lu Xun＇s original image in France.This article attempts to provide an overview of the activities carried out by students and missionaries to introduce Lu Xun to the French public before 1949.In addition,it analyzes the choosing of the texts for translation,the paratext of the translations and the criticisms to highlight the three essential elements of the early image of the writer：a master satirical,realist writer;a pioneer of modernized Chinese literature;and an unconventional committed thinker.The creation of such original image was of importance to both the＂Lu Xun Studies＂tradition and the historical development of the writer＇s image in France for almost a hundred years.