水陆两栖飞机波浪水面上着水动力特性研究

Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of Amphibious Aircraft Landing on Waves

水陆两栖飞机在海面上着水时,蕴含巨大能量的海浪作用到高速滑行的飞机船形机身上,会导致飞机稳定性变差,对机体及机乘人员造成伤害。运用基于线性波理论的动边界数值造波方法建立了动态规则波浪模型,通过添加质量阻尼抑制了水域模型边界反射波;通过罚函数耦合方法描述了飞机与水体的相互作用,模拟了水陆两栖飞机以不同下降速度、在相对波峰的不同位置处着水的过程;得到了飞机纵摇姿态角、质心升沉过载和机身底部压力等动力响应结果,通过对比分析动力特性结果,获得了飞机较为安全稳定的着水条件。

The amphibious aircraft with high speed landing on sea areas will be hit by powerful waves which threaten the safety of aircraft and the crew. Basing on linear wave theory, boundary with simple harmonic motion of water model disturbed the water to generate numerical wave. Mass damping was added to absorb the energy of reflec- ted wave from rigid boundary. ALE method and penalty coupling method were introduced to simulate varied cases of amphibious aircraft landing on waves, including different descent velocities and different landing positions of aircraft. The results of attitude, heave motion overload of aircraft and the pressure distribution of lower fuselage when landing on waves were discussed. Finally, more safer landing conditions for amphibious aircraft were concluded.