日光温室水肥温气综合利用系统设计

Design of comprehensive utilization system of greenhouse's water,fertilizer,temperature and gas

新疆冬季寒冷,作物生长、灌溉、沼气的产生都需要加温,本文研究利用热风炉提供热量对温室环境、灌溉水及沼气池加温新方法,并在实际工程上运行试验。结果表明:热风炉1h燃烧煤炭10kg,可以将7℃~8℃的水100L加热到45℃,热风炉持续燃烧可以将温水灌溉池内的水温增加到40℃左右。用温水灌溉池内的温水加温保温方法能够使沼气发酵池的发酵温度保持在(35±2)℃范围内,池容产气率保持在0.8m3/(m3·d)左右。系统运行期间,热风炉热效率保持在70%左右,沼气辅助加温可以节约煤炭2.5kg/d,沼渣沼液在粉碎发酵后通过加压管道直接施入土壤中,为土壤提供有机肥料。因此,日光温室水肥温气综合利用系统是一种废弃物循环利用、节能环保的设施农业综合利用技术及系统集成,具有开发应用潜力及推广应用前景。

The winter in Xinjiang province is cold,crops＇ growth,irrigation and methane＇s generation need heating.The technique of this article is on the application of the new method of providing heat to greenhouse environment,irrigation water and methane pool by hot blast stove.This article also introduces the practical operation experiment of the new method.The result indicates that hot blast stove burning 10 kg coal in 1 hour can heat 100 Lwater from 7 ℃~8 ℃to 45 ℃,hot blast stove burning continuously can heat the water in irrigation pool to about 40 ℃.The method of heating and heat preservation with the warm water in the irrigation pool can keep the fermentation temperature within（35±2）℃,the gas generation rate of unit volume can be keep within about 0.8 m3/（m3·d）.During the period of system operation,the heat efficiency of hot blast stove keeps at about 70%,assistant heating by methane can save coal by 2.5 kg each day,methane residue and liquid are put into soil by forcing pipes to provide organic fertilizer.Therefore,the comprehensive utilization system of greenhouse water,fertilizer,temperature and gas is a kind of circulation utilization system of waste,energy conservation and environment protection technique of facility agricultural comprehensive utilization and system integration.The system has potential of application and prospect of promotion and application.