从异化的人到人本性的复归——以《私有财产和共产主义》为中心的考察

From the Alienated Man to the Return of Human Nature——Study Centered on Private Property and Communism

《私有财产和共产主义》是马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的重要篇目,从异化的人到人本性的复归是该篇的主旨。异化的人的生命的物质的、感性的表现是私有财产最核心的本质;共产主义的本质是向人本性的复归。该篇中的"社会主义"可以理解为"作为对人本质占有的积极的自我意识",它自觉地主导着人的解放和复原向终极发展。上述观点对深入理解马克思的共产主义思想有着重要的启发意义。

Private Property and Communism is an important content of Marx＇s Economics Philosophy Manuscript in 1844,the reversion from the alienated man to the return of human nature being the theme of it.The material and emotional expression of alienated human life is the core nature of private property.The essence of communism is to return to human nature.The ＂socialism＂ in this article should be interpreted as ＂apositive self consciousness for the possession of human nature＂,which consciously guides the liberation and restoration of human beings to the ultimate development.The above views are of great significance for the in-depth understanding of Marx＇s communist ideology.