竞争性内源RNA与心血管疾病发病机制的研究进展

Research progress on the pathogenesis of competing endogenous RNA in cardiovascular diseases

微小RNA（miRNA）通过与靶mRNA的3′非编码区（UTR）互补结合，抑制靶mRNA翻译或降低靶mRNA的稳定性，负性调节靶基因的表达；各类转录本，包括mRNA、假基因（pseudogene）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA）可通过miRNA反应元件（MRE）竞争性结合相同的miRNA，从而调节靶基因的表达，这些RNA转录本称为竞争性内源RNA（ceRNA），这种全新的转录后调控模式称为ceRNA假说。ceRNA不但参与正常细胞的增殖、分化和衰老，在肿瘤、心血管疾病（CVD）等病理过程中亦发挥重要作用。现针对近年来ceRNA在CVD方面的研究进展进行综述。

MicroRNA（miRNA） can reduce the stability of the messenger RNA（mRNA） or inhibit the translation of the messenger RNA by targeting its 3′-untranslated region（UTR）, thereby negatively regulate the expression of the target gene.Diverse RNA transcripts including mRNAs; pseudogenes; long non-coding RNAs（LncRNA）and circular RNAs（circRNAs） can competitively combine with the same miRNAs by microRNA response elements（MREs）, removing or reducing the inhibition of genes targedted by the miRNAs and regulating the expression of the target genes.These RNA transcripts are called competitive endogenous RNA （ceRNA）, and this new post-transcription regulation model is called ceRNA hypothesis.CeRNA not only participates in the proliferation, differentiation and aging of normal cells, but also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tumor and cardiovascular diseases（CVD）. This paper reviewed the studies about ceRNA in cardiovascular diseases in recent years.