壳聚糖水凝胶的制备及其在药物释放中的应用

Preparation and Application of Chitosan Hydrogel in Drug Controlled Release System

水凝胶作为性能良好的载体,在药物的控释、组织工程等领域有着广泛的应用。壳聚糖是一类天然的带正电荷的碱性多糖,由其形成的水凝胶具有较好的生物相容性、生物降解性、抗菌和低细胞毒性,因此,壳聚糖水凝胶有着良好的生物应用前景。本文综述了壳聚糖水凝胶的制备方法(包括物理交联法和化学交联法),在物理交联法部分着重介绍了离子化合物及聚电解质分子与壳聚糖通过离子交联形成水凝胶,以及利用分子链间的疏水作用形成壳聚糖水凝胶的方法;而在化学交联法部分介绍了合成壳聚糖水凝胶的化学手段,包括交联剂、光照辐射和酶的使用。继而概述了壳聚糖水凝胶在药物缓释应用方面的研究进展,包括温度、pH值和电场响应的药物控释体系。最后展望了壳聚糖水凝胶未来的发展前景。

Hydrogels have a wide application in drug controlled release,tissue engineering and other fields due to their excellent properties.Chitosan is a natural alkaline polysaccharide with positive charge and chitosan hydrogels have extensive applications in biological field due to their good biocompatibility,biodegradability,antibacterial and low toxicity.In this paper,the preparation methods of chitosan hydrogels including physical crosslinking methods and chemical crosslinking methods have been summarized firstly.In the part of physical crosslinking methods,the use of ionic compounds and polyelectrolyte complexes is mainly introduced.We also have a brief introduce about the use of hydrophobic interaction between chitosan chains.And in the part of chemical crosslinking methods,the chemical methods for the preparation of chitosan hydrogels have been introduced,including the use of crosslinking agents,light radiation and enzyme.Then,the research progress of chitosan hydrogels in drug controlled release have been summarized,including temperature,pH value and electric field response controlled release system.Finally,the potential applications of chitosan hydrogels in the future are proposed.