集束化延续性护理对直肠癌根治术患者生命质量、自我护理能力和造口并发症的影响

Effects of cluster continuous nursing on life quality,self-nursing ability and complications in patients undergoing radical resection of rectal carcinoma

目的研究集束化延续性护理对直肠癌根治术患者生命质量、自我护理能力和造口并发症的影响。方法选取2015年4月至2017年4月收治的拟行直肠癌根治术患者80例。采用随机数字表将患者分成2组,每组40例。对照组患者予以常规护理干预以及健康指导,观察组患者予以集束化延续性护理。观察不同护理干预对2组患者生命质量、自我护理能力和造口并发症的影响。结果在术后1周、出院后1个月观察组患者自护责任感、自我概念、自我护理技能、健康知识水平以及总分评分结果明显高于对照组(P<0.05);出院后1个月观察组患者变色、侵蚀以及总得分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),2组患者组织增生比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者功能领域各指标评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05),症状领域各指标评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),并且观察组患者总体健康状况明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用集束化延续性护理对直肠癌根治术患者进行干预,能提高患者生存质量与自我护理能力,改善患者的造口皮肤状况,可在临床上推广此种护理方式。

Objective To explore the effects of cluster continuous nursing on life quality,self-nursing ability and complications in patients undergoing radical resection of rectal carcinoma. Methods Eighty patients with rectal cancer who were admitted and treated from April 2015 to April 2017 were randomly divided into observation group（ n = 40） and control group（ n = 40） accoring to random digital table. The patients in control group were treated by routine nursing and health guidance,while the patients in observation group were treated by cluster continuous nursing. Then the effects of different nursing intervention on life quality,self-nursing ability and complications were observed and compared between two groups.Results The self responsibility,self-concept,self care skills and health knowledge,as well as the total scores in observation group at 1 week after operation and one month after discharging from hospital were significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈 0. 05）. The discoloration,erosion and total score in observation group at 1 month after discharging from hospital were significantly lower than those in control group（ P〈 0. 05）. Moreover,there was no significant difference in hyperplasia between two groups（ P〉 0. 05）. In addition,the index scores of functional field in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈 0. 05）,and the symptoms scores were significantly lower than those in control group（ P〈 0. 05）. The overall health status in observation group was superior to that in control group（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Cluster continuous nursing in intervention for patients undergoing radical resection of rectal carcinoma can improve their life quality,self care ability,and improve skin condition of colostomy,thus,which can be widely used in practice.