语言安全分类及中国情况分析

Classification of language securities and its use in China

语言安全是国家安全的一个次分支,但语言安全或多或少地影响到各类国家安全。语言安全除了具备国家安全的一般特点外,还具有自己独有的特点。为了便于管理和研究,我们需要对语言安全进行分类:首先,根据国家的语源把语言安全分为内源性语言安全、外源性语言安全和双源性语言安全;其次,根据语言的地位和性质找出上述3类语言安全的客体;第三,根据语言政策的种类从语言的地位规划、本体规划和习得规划来分析上述各语言客体的具体安全内容。文章依据上述分类框架分析了中国的语言安全问题,且提出了针对这些语言安全问题的对策建议。

Language security（LS）,a sub-branch of national securities,affects more or less every type of national securities.Furthermore,LS has its own features as well as the common features of national insecurities.For the sake of management and study,LS may be classified at three levels：according to language sources,LS falls into domestic LS,foreign LS and border LS;according to language＇s status and nature,language objects can be confirmed in domestic LS,foreign LS and border LS;according to the types of language policy,language security can be examined from its status,corpus and acquisition plannings in each language object.Then,the paper analyzes LS in China according the afore-mentioned category,and offers some suggestions on the solutions to the problems of LS.