西双版纳土地所有制的多样性及其变动研究——兼论“土地王有”单一性的不成立

Pluralism of the land ownership in Xishuangbanna and its evolution:A critique of the “King's land ownership” as the only model in Xishuangbanna

学界认为西双版纳一切土地皆属"王有",并将其作为"封建领主制"的基础和标志。然而"土地王有"结论的得出,不仅论据缺乏充分性,而且与统治者和傣勐争夺土地的事实不符。历史上西双版纳的土地所有制十分复杂,既存在统治阶级、村寨集体、私人等多样性的土地所有形式,又表现为变动性的特征。"土地王有"说是主观上呼应"西周封建论"与客观上土地所有制不发达共同作用的结果。

＂King＇s land ownership＂has been regarded as the basis and symbol of the feudal suzerain system in Xishuangbanna.However,this conclusion is not only on the basis of insufficient arguments,but also inconsistent with the fact that the rulers plundered the land of the local Dais.The land ownership of Xishuangbanna in history was very complex.The land owned by the ruling class and the land owned by the village as well as the private land always co-existed and kept changing.The formation of the concept of＂King＇s land ownership＂in Xishuangbanna is the result of the subjective response to the＂feudalism of the Western Zhou Dynasty＂and the actual undeveloped land ownership.