“有”字存在句与“there be”结构互译的原型效应

Prototype Effects of Chinese-English Translation of “You” Construction Indicating the Existence and “there be” Construction

统计分析汉语存在句"有"字句和英语存在句"there+be+N_P+(L_P)"的译文,发现"有"字存在句英译时最典型对应形式是"there be"结构,而"there+be+N_P+(L_P)"结构汉译时最典型对应形式是"有"字存在句。汉英这两种表存在的结构在内容和形式上具有对应关系,表述功能上基本对等。在认知上,这两种语言在表达存在概念时都聚焦"存在物",在译文中以不同形式来凸显"存在物"。

Through the statistical analysis of the translational form of the Chinese existential sentence of＂You＂construction and the English existential sentence of＂there ＋ be ＋ NP＋（ LP） ＂,it is found that the most typical corresponding form of＂You＂construction is the ＂there be＂construction,and that the most typical corresponding one of ＂There ＋ be ＋ NP＋（ LP） ＂in EnglishChinese translation is＂You＂construction indicating the existence. There is a corresponding relationship between these two kinds of existing construction in content and form. These two kinds of the functions of construction are basically equivalent. In cognition,both English and Chinese focus on the＂existence＂when expressing the concept of existence. In translation,they highlight the ＂existence＂in different forms.