播期对不同感温性小麦品种生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Sowing Date on Growth,Development and Yield of Different Temperature Sensitive Wheat Cultivars

为郑州地区小麦品种合理布局提供理论依据,于2014—2016年以冬春性不同的4个小麦品种为试验材料,研究气候变化背景下不同播期对小麦生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明:小麦适播期在10月14—21日,半冬性品种小麦适播期时间长于弱春性品种。播期对小麦产量、生育进程和收获指数的影响显著,播期后移,小麦产量和收获指数呈先升后降趋势;早播或者晚播的产量均低于适播期;有效积温显著影响小麦的生育进程和株高,弱春性品种晚播可降低倒伏概率,但对半冬性品种无影响。

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational distribution of wheat cultivars in Zhengzhou region,four different wheat cultivars were used as experimental materials during 2014-2016 to study the effects of different sowing dates on the growth,development and yield of wheat under the background of climate change.The results showed that the suitable sowing date of wheat was from October 14 th to October 21 st,and the suitable sowing date of semi-winter wheat was longer than that of weak-spring cultivars.The effects of sowing date on wheat yield,fertility process and harvest index were significant.The sowing date was postponed,the yield and harvest index increased and then decreased.Yields of early-sown or late-sown wheat cultivars were lower than that of the wheat sown at the suitable date.Effective accumulative temperature significantly affected the growth process and plant height of wheat.Late sowing of weak spring cultivars could reduce the lodging rate,but had no effect on semiwinter cultivars.