茅台酒致香微生物对烟叶致香成分影响

Effect of Different Aroma Microbes Extracted from Moutai Distiller′s Yeast on Aroma Components in Tobacco

为探明茅台酒致香微生物在烟叶醇化中的应用效果,采用单因素法,进行烟叶不同部位(上部烟叶,中部烟叶,下部烟叶)、不同温度(30℃,40℃,50℃)和不同发酵时间(10d,15d,20d,25d)的单菌液(枯草芽孢杆菌)和混合菌液(枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌)发酵试验,研究不同处理对烟叶致香成分含量的影响。结果表明:烟叶的致香成分含量上部烟叶以复合菌处理的较高,中部和下部烟叶以单菌处理的较高;发酵温度控制在30~40℃较为适宜,30℃时复合菌处理烟叶的致香成分含量最高,40℃时单菌处理的最高;发酵时间控制在20~25d较为适宜,20d时以单菌处理的致香成分含量最高,25d时复合菌处理的最高。以茅台酒致香微生物对烟叶进行发酵处理,上部烟叶选择复合菌处理,30℃发酵25d致香成分含量较高;中部和下部烟叶选择单菌,40℃发酵20d致香成分含量较高。

The tobacco leaves from upper,middle and lower parts of tobacco were respectively treated with single bacterial strain（Bacillus subtilis）and compound bacterial strains（B.subtilis,Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）under different temperature（30℃,40℃ and 50℃）for different fermentation days（10 d,15 d,20 dand 25 d）by a single-factor test to study the effect on content of aroma components in tobacco leaves and explore the application effect of aroma microbes extracted from Moutai distiller′s yeast in tobacco mellowing.Result：The content of aroma components in upper tobacco leaves treated with compound bacterial strains and in middle and lower tobacco leaves treated with single bacterial strain is higher.The suitable fermentation temperature is at 30-40℃ and the suitable fermentation temperature for the highest content of aroma components in tobacco leaves treated with compound bacterial strains and single bacterial strain is at 30℃ and 40℃ separately.The suitable fermentation days are 20-25 dand the suitable fermentation days for the highest content of aroma components in tobacco leaves treated with single bacterial strain and compound bacterial strains are 20 d and 25 drespectively.In conclusion,the optimum fermentation conditions for higher content of aroma components in upper tobacco leaves include compound bacterial strains and at 30℃ for 25 dbut the optimum fermentation conditions for higher content of aroma components in middle and lower tobacco leaves include single bacterial strain and at 40℃for 20 drespectively.