25-羟维生素D_3对2型糖尿病患者影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Influence of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D_3 on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

25-羟维生素D_3[25(OH)VD_3]是人体内D族维生素最重要的分子结构形式,其主要功能为调节钙磷代谢。25(OH)VD_3在2型糖尿病的发生、发展过程中起重要作用,其影响机体代谢功能的机制正被逐步揭示。目前,25(OH)VD_3与糖尿病发病率的关系及是否需要补充维生素D来改善糖尿病患者的血糖状态成为国内外研究的热点。其中在骨代谢方面,高血糖会抑制25(OH)VD_3的合成和释放,最终导致骨质疏松;在糖代谢方面,维生素D的缺乏会导致胰岛素合成和分泌减少,胰岛素敏感性降低;在糖尿病并发症方面,25(OH)VD_3与动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病肾病及糖尿病视网膜病变均存在一定联系。未来,随着25(OH)VD_3在糖尿病发病机制中作用的进一步揭示,其将为糖尿病患者的治疗及并发症的预防提供更好的指导。

25-hydroxy vitamin D_3[25（OH）VD_3] is the most important structure form of vitamin D in the human body,and its main function is to regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism.25（OH）VD_3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes,and its effects on the metabolic function of the body is gradually revealed.At present,the relationship between 25（OH）VD_3 and the incidence of diabetes and whether supplementation of vitamin D is needed to improve the blood glucose status of patients with diabetes have become hot topics of the research in domestic and foreign field.In the aspect of bone metabolism,hyperglycemia can inhibit the synthesis and release of 25（OH）VD_3 and eventually lead to osteoporosis.In terms of glucose metabolism,vitamin D deficiency leads to decreased insulin synthesis and secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity.In diabetic complications,25（OH）VD_3 is associated with atherosclerosis,diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.In the future,with the role of 25（OH）VD_3 in the pathogenesis of diabetes further revealed,it will provide better guidance for the treatment of diabetes and the prevention of the complications.