配方肥对基质栽培芹菜生长 产量及品质的影响

Effects of Formula Fertilizer on Growth,Yield and Quality of Celery Cultivated with Substrate

为明确配方肥对芹菜产量和品质的作用效果,以施用常规肥处理为对照,分析了施用配方肥对芹菜不同生长时期形态指标、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:芹菜生长中期,常规肥处理的产量较配方肥处理高3.3%;生长后期,配方肥处理的地上鲜重和整株鲜重分别较常规肥处理提高10.5%和12.2%,根体积减少8.0%,产量提高12.2%。从生长后期较生长中期芹菜各项指标的增幅看,配方肥处理的茎粗、叶片数、地上鲜重、整株鲜重和根体积的增幅分别为10.6%、4.6%、37.7%、29.6%和10.8%,均明显高于常规肥处理的增幅。配方肥处理的芹菜最终产量为69 000.0 kg/hm2,较生长中期的产量增加30.0%;常规肥处理的最终产量为61 500.0 kg/hm2,较生长中期的产量仅增加12.1%。配方肥在芹菜后期生长中发挥的作用较常规肥大。配方肥处理的芹菜品质有所改善,与常规肥处理相比,硝酸盐含量降低9.8%,可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量分别提高8.3%和2.7%。在基质栽培中,与施用常规肥相比,施用配方肥可以提高芹菜产量,并有效改善芹菜品质。

To make clear the effects of formula fertilizer on the yield and quality of celery,taking conventionalfertilizer as control,the effects of formula fertilizer on the morphological indexes,yield and quality of celery indifferent growth period were analyzed. The results showed that at middle growth stage of celery,the yield of conventional fertilizer was 3.3% higher than that of formula fertilizer. At later growth stage,the aboveground freshweight and whole plant fresh weight of formula fertilizer were higher than those of conventional fertilizer by 10.5%and 12.2%,respectively. The root volume reduced by 8.0% than that of conventional fertilizer,and the yield was12.2% higher than that of conventional fertilizer. From the increasing rate of various morphological indexes of celery between the middle growth stage and the later growth stage,the growth rate of stem diameter,leaf number,aboveground fresh weight,whole plant fresh weight and root volume with formula fertilizer were 10.6%,4.6%,37.7%,29.6% and 10.8%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of conventional fertilizer. Thefinal yield of celery with formula fertilizer was 69 000.0 kg/hm2and the growth rate was 30.0%. The final yield ofcelery with conventional fertilizer was 61 500.0 kg/hm2,with an increasing of only 12.1%. Formula fertilizerplayed a more important role in the later growth ofcelery than conventional fertilizer. Compared with conventional fertilizer, the quality of celery was improved,the nitrate content decreased by 9.8%,thecontent of soluble solids and soluble sugar increasedby 8.3% and 2.7%,respectively. Formula fertilizercould increase the yield and quality of celery cultivatedwith substrate.