尾矿库安全监测低能耗无线传感器网络设计

Design of Low Energy Consumption Wireless Sensor Network for Tailings Reservoir Dam Safety Monitoring

针对传统无线传感器网络(WSN)因严格以"父子传承"方式传输数据,导致数据传输路径冗长、能耗过大、使用周期短的问题,提出一种以能耗最小为优化目标的数据传输树路由算法应用于有色金属尾矿库,并结合采用低功耗微处理器及闲时休眠、工作时激活的数据传输程序等措施,有效降低了网络系统的能耗。采用NS对采用优化的树路由算法及采用节能措施的WSN与采用传统树路由算法的WSN进行仿真,结果表明,采用研究提出的数据传输方式的WSN能有效地降低传感器节点的能耗及路径损耗,并提高了能耗均衡性,实现了整个网络能量的合理分配及降耗,保证尾矿库安全监测系统长期稳定运行。

Traditional wireless sensor networks（WSN） has disadvantages lengthy data transmission paths, excessive energy consumption and short service life. A data transfer tree routing algorithm based on minimizing energy consumption is proposed to apply to non-ferrous metal tailings reservoir. With the combined use of low power microprocessor, idle time sleep and data transfer program during work, the energy consumption of network system is effectively reduced. The NS is used to simulate the WSN with optimized tree routing algorithm and energy-saving measures and WSN with traditional tree routing algorithm.The results show that the WSN using the data transmission method proposed by the research can effectively reduce the energy consumption and path loss of the sensor nodes,improve the energy balance, realize the rational distribution of the entire network energy and reduce the consumption to ensure the safety monitoring of the tailings pond. The system runs stably for a long time.