基于红外相机技术监测秦岭山地引水工程对大中型兽类种群影响的初报

Preliminary Report on Impacted Mammals with Camera Traps in Water Diversion Project Construction Area,Mt. Qinling

2015年1月—2016年12月,采用红外相机技术在陕西省引汉济渭工程作业区设置4个监测点,对保护兽类种群变化进行了监测研究。监测共发现大中型陆栖兽类3目9科9种,其中,川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana、秦岭羚牛Budorcas bedfordi和林麝Moschus berezovskii为国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物,野猪Sus scrofa和黄鼬Mustela sibirica在监测中的遇见频次最多。随着工程的推进,与2015年相比,2016年监测发现的物种数量和遇见频次均呈减少的趋势。这说明该工程带来的人为干扰、噪音、景观的改变对区内栖息的野生动物具有不利的影响,已经出现动物活动减少、发生迁移的现象,这有可能会进一步影响秦岭动物群落结构和种群空间分布。建议加强动物种群变化监测,减少人为干扰,严格控制动物栖息地破坏程度,做好景观和植被恢复工程。

By using infrared cameras located at 4 monitoring sites, mammals with larger and medium body sizes were mo-nitored and studied in a special area of Mt. Qinling, Shaanxi province, where a Han-Wei water diversion construction. Data collection of the observed records was commenced from January 2015 to December2016.The results in diacated that 9 species belonging in 9 families of 3 order were recorded and accounted.Golden snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus roxllana）,golden takin（Budorcas bedfordi）and forest must deer （Moshus berezovskii）,which were endangered animals listed as class Ⅰ key nationlly protected wild animals in China,were also included.Other animals frequwently recored were wild boars（Sus scrofa）and Siberian weasel （Mystela sibirica）.In comparison to 2015,there was a remarkable decrease of animal appearing frequency in 2016.This suggested that the water project had already generated some negative impacts on the activties and normal behaviours of local animal due to the man-made disturbances including noise and landscape change .The most severe is,however,from the creation of the barriers for animal migration and normal move-ment.Therefore,the results reported in this study arouse a deep concen that further impacts on the wildlife could be more promiment following a futher development and extension of the project .It is urgent to extensively monitor the wild animals in the region and so set up a direct relationship connecting the government,conservation organization,scientists and water project administration to form a tangible strategy and management.