高强度间歇运动对青少年心血管健康和认知功能的影响研究

Effect of High Intensity Interval Exercise on Youth Cardiovascular Health and Cognition

目前全世界只有四分之一的青少年人群日常运动量符合身体活动指南,运动对人体产生的影响表现在两个方面,分别是心血管健康和认知功能。大量研究集中于传统意义上的耐力性运动对这两方面的影响,但青少年人群的体力活动存在高强度和间歇性两个特点,因此存在局限性。本研究主要阐述高强度间歇运动对青少年人群心血管健康和认知功能方面的新发现,主要包括高强度间歇运动对血管内皮细胞功能和餐后脂血症有积极的急性效应,对于体重控制方面存在慢性积极的作用,高强度间歇运动对于血压血脂,促炎和抗炎性细胞因子的慢性影响也有新的发现。同时,高强度间歇运动对个体认知功能同时存在短时和长期的影响,未来的研究要同时关注高强度间歇运动对心血管健康和认知功能的共同作用,特别是学校的干预措施对青少年人群的影响方面。

With only a quarter of young people currently meeting physical activity guidelines,two key areas of concern are the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health and cognition. Much of the literature examines traditional endurance type exercise on both aspects,despite the fact that physical activity in young people is typically high intensity and intermittent in nature,so there are limitations. This review provides an update on the effects of high intensity interval exercise on young people＇s cardiovascular health and cognition. High intensity intermittent exercise has acute beneficial effects on endothelial function and postprandial lipemia and chronic positive effects on weight management. In addition,there is emerging evidence regarding chronic benefits on blood lipid profile,blood pressure and pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore,emerging evidence suggests beneficial acute and chronic effects of high intensity interval exercise on cognition. However,further research is required in both cardiovascular health and cognition,particularly regarding the impact of school-based interventions in adolescents.