医学专科生D型人格特征的调查研究

Investigation and Study on D-type Personality Characteristics of Medical College Students

目的:调查分析医学专科生群体的D型人格特征。方法:以DS14中文版为工具,按照随机整群抽样原则调查某医学专科学校五个专业的一年级学生595人。结果:医学专科生D型人格总检出率为36.97%。男女生间的D型人格检出率差异具有极显著性统计学意义(χ~2=9.53,P<0.01),女生明显高于男生,但不同专业间检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男女生间在总分及NA维度和SI维度各项得分上差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且均为女生高于男生;D型人格者的NA维度和SI维度评分在不同性别间差异不显著(P>0.05),不同专业的差异主要出现在临床医学专业和护理学专业间,其他专业间差异均不显著。结论:D型人格量表(DS14)在医学专科生群体中使用具有较好的信度和效度,可作为测量其个体消极情感和社交压抑倾向的有效工具;医学专科生中女生的D型人格检出率明显高于男生,且其D型人格特征也更加突出,此应引起我们的高度关注。

Objective： To investigate and analyze the D-type personality characteristics of medical college students. Methods： 595 first-year students from five specialties in a medical college were investigated by using DS14 Chinese version and random cluster sampling method was used. Results： the total detection rate of type D personality of medical college students was 36. 97 %. The difference in the detection rate of type D personality between male and female students was statistically significant（ χ^2= 9. 53,P〈0. 01）,and female students were significantly higher than male students. However,there was no significant difference in the detection rate between different specialties（ P〉0. 05）. There were statistically significant differences in the total score and the scores of NA and SI dimensions between male and female students（ P〈0. 05 or P〈 0. 01）,and girls are higher than boys in both dimensions; The scores of NA and SI dimensions of type D personality were not significantly different between different genders（ P〉 0. 05）. The differences between different specialties are mainly between clinical medicine and nursing,while the differences between other specialties are not significant. Conclusion： The D-type personality scale（ DS14） has good reliability and validity in the medical college students and can be used as an effective tool to measure their individual negative emotion and social depression tendency. The detection rate of type D personality of female students in medical college students is obviously higher than that of male students. And its D-type personality is also more prominent,which should attract our high attention.