2011-2014年黔南州食物中毒状况分析

Analysis of Food Poisoning in Qiannan Prefecture from 2011 to 2014 and its prevention and control countermeasures

目的:分析黔南州食物中毒事件发生分布情况及中毒原因,为制定预防食物中毒措施提供科学依据。方法:对2011-2014年贵州省食源性疾病(包括食物中毒)爆发报告系统中黔南州食物中毒事件进行流行病学描述性分析。结果:2011-2014年共报告食物中毒事件33起,发病379例,死亡11例,病死率2.90%;第二、三季节高发;农村家庭为主;以植物食物中毒事件为主(毒蘑菇占66.67%);误食误用是引发中毒及死亡的主要原因。结论:加强食物中毒的宣传及市场监管力度,在食物中毒高发季节预警,是预防和控制食物中毒事件主要措施。

Objective： To analyze the distribution and causes of food poisoning in Qiannan prefecture and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of food poisoning prevention measures. Methods： A descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on food poisoning incidents in Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province from 2011 to 2014 in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention（ CISDCP）（ including food poisoning）. Results： From 2011 to 2014,33 food poisoning incidents were reported,379 cases were reported and 11 cases died,with a mortality rate of 2. 90 %. High incidence occurred in the second and third seasons and mostly rural families; Plant food poisoning was the main event（ poisonous mushrooms accounted for 66. 9 %. 67%）; Misuse of food by mistake is the main cause of poisoning and death. Conclusion： Strengthening the publicity and market supervision of food poisoning and warning in the season of high incidence of food poisoning are the main measures to prevent and control food poisoning.