卫星重力梯度测量系统性能分析

卫星重力梯度恢复地球重力场的能力受到卫星高度、倾角、数据分辨率、测量误差等因素的影响.本文基于重力梯度仿真数据,采用空域最小二乘法场恢复地球重力,分析轨道高度、轨道倾角、数据分辨率、测量精度等因素影响地球重力场恢复的规律,进-步明确卫星重力梯度测量系统的设计指标,充分挖掘卫星重力梯度恢复地球重力场的潜能,指出测量误差是影响地球重力场恢复的关键因素.性能分析结果表明：随着轨道高度的降低、倾角的增大、数据分辨率的增大和测量误差的减小,恢复地球重力场的能力逐渐增强,为充分发挥卫星重力梯度测量系统的效能,建议选择200km～300km的轨道高度,轨道倾角大于88.,数据分辨率大于30km.本文成果可以为我国卫星重力梯度测量系统设计提供参考依据.

The eartlis gravity field recovery ability of satellite gravity gradiometry（SGG）is influenced by some factors,suchas satellite orbit height,inclination,data resolution and observation error. Based on the gravity gradiential least square methiod is used to analyze the influences of earthi gravity model on the factota. The lawof the earths gravity field recovery by SGGdata is obtained. Furthermore,the core indexthe potential of SGG systemis fully developed,which indicate that observation error is the key factoty recovery. The results show that the SGGability is gradually improved with the decrease of satellite orbit height,increase of sat-ellite orbit inclination,improvement of data resolution and reduction of observation error. To achieve full ptem,it is suggested that the orbit height should be selected as 200 - 300km,orbit inclination be above 890 and data resolution begreater than 30km. These conclusions will provide references for the design of our country＇s SGG system.