入世之思与出世之念——鲜于枢叙事咏物诗与题画诗浅论

Attachment or Detachment——A Study on the Narrative Poems and Poems on Paintings of Xianyu Shu

元代诗人鲜于枢以书法家、收藏家与鉴赏家名世,同时其诗歌也有鲜明特色。他的思想受儒家和道家双重影响,一生徘徊在入世与出世之间。其叙事咏物诗有儒家仁爱思想的鲜明烙印与"民胞物与"的悲悯情怀,入世思想较为明显;其题画诗善用比较之法传画家之神,其中有典型的山林之念,出世思想弥散其间。鲜于枢既希望有所作为,又要面对现实与理想的冲突。他的叙事诗与题画诗充分表现了其在入世与出世间的纠结。

The poems of Xianyu Shu, the famous calligrapher, collector and connoisseur in the Yuan Dy nasty, have distinctive features. Under the influence of Confucianism and Taoism, Xianyu Shu has been torn between the thoughts of attaching to the world and detaching from it all his life. His narrative poems have the Confucian ideology of benevolence,which reflects his thought of attachment, while his poems on paint ings exactly express the intentions of the painters and show the desire for nature, which reflect his thought of detachment. Xianyu Shu hopes to accomplish something, but he has to face the conflict between reality and ideal. The dilemma of attaching and detaching can be seen in his narrative poems and his poems on paintings.