清末中国小学教育的艰难探索

The Arduous Exploration of Primary Education in the Late Qing Dynasty

清末中国的小学教育经历了艰难的探索历程,其间虽然存在许多曲折困难,但却不乏进步与成就。鸦片战争后至洋务运动时期,以正蒙书院为代表的一批新式小学建立起来,开创了小学教育的新气象;维新变法时期,小学教育从内容和体制上都出现了较大的变化,中国近代教育进入一个新阶段;清末"新政"时期,近代小学教育走向制度化和规范化,有了较为严格的标准和要求,是小学教育史上一个重要的进步。

In the Late Qing Dynasty, primary education of China experiences twists and turns, which contain lots of difficulties but achievements as well. From the Opium War to the Westernization Move ment, a number of new style primary schools represented by Zheng Meng Academy are established,which creates a new look for primary education. During the Reform Movement, primary education changes greatly both in content and system. Modern education in China has entered a new stage. In the period of the Late Qing Reforms,modern primary education becomes institutionalized and standardized, with relatively strict standards and requirements,which indicates an important progress in the history of primary education.