1950～2016年内江市疟疾疫情及防治措施效果评价

Evaluation of malaria epidemic situation and control measures in Neijiang city in recent 1950-2016 years

目的分析和评价内江市疟疾防治技术措施和实施效果。方法收集内江市及所辖县(市、区)1950~2016年疟疾防治资料,根据疟疾流行和防治情况划分流行阶段,进行回顾性描述,分析评价防治措施的有效性。结果内江市自2006年后未再发现本地疟疾病例。"两根治一预防、防蚊灭蚊并重"的综合防治措施,有效控制了1961~1964年、1975~1977年两次疟疾大流行,发病率显著降低; 1983年后采取以防治传染源为主和以防制传疟媒介和消灭传染源并重方案,巩固了防治成效;至1991年始,连续14年进入基本消灭期且呈持续下降态势,2005年以后采取定点清除传染源和以"1-3-7"策略为中心的防治措施,自2006年后未再发生本地疟疾病例。结论内江市在不同时期采取针对性的疟疾防治策略和措施,取得了显著成效,达到国家消除疟疾标准。保障了人民群众的身体健康,促进了经济社会协调发展。

Objective To assess the control measures and outcomes of prevention and control of endemic malaria prevalence in Neijiang city. Methods The data of malaria prevention and control were collected from the urban areas and counties under administration of Neijiang from 1950 through 2016, and categorized into prevalence phase by retrospective analysis for evaluating the effectiveness of the prevention, control and treatment. Results No local malaria cases had ever been reported in Neijiang city since 2006. Historically, the two waves of malaria between 1961 - 1964 and 1975 - 1977 were effectively controlled on the comprehensive prevention and control basis of ＂Two radical treatments, one prevention, with integrated prevention and control of misquotes＂. Incidence of malaria was greatly reduced. Measures, including control of infectious sources and malaria vectors besides eradication of the infectious sources, were practiced since 1983, which fully consolidated the previous efforts. By 1991, malaria was nearly rolled out, and the prevalence tended to decrease in the past 14 years. After 2005, the prevention and control measures were primarily based on spot eradication of the infectious sources and policy of ＂1 - 3 - 7＂, and no local infection was reported after 2006. Conclusion Prevention and control measures taken for malaria in different periods in Neijiang city can be effective. Those efforts are remarkable, and result in malaria elimination by national criteria.