2016年武汉市血吸虫病监测结果分析

Outcomes of schistosomiasis surveillance in Wuhan area in 2016

目的报告并分析2016年全市血吸虫病监测数据。方法根据《武汉市血吸虫病监测方案(2015年版》,在全市开展常规监测,对全市12个血吸虫病流行区的28个监测点,开展常住居民、流动人群、家畜的血吸虫感染情况,钉螺分布和感染情况以及野粪等监测,对监测数据进行汇总、整理和分析。结果2016年全市网络报告血吸虫病病例51例,均为慢性临床诊断病例;监测点本地常住居民血吸虫血清学筛查15 399人,血检阳性343人,粪检342人,粪检阳性0人,血检阳性率为2. 23%;流动人群血清学筛查5 122人,血检阳性14人,粪检14人,粪检阳性0人,血检阳性率为0. 27%;监测点共检查家畜473头,粪检阳性0头。监测点调查钉螺面积2 055. 82 hm^2,查出有螺面积975. 47 hm^2,无新发、复现钉螺面积,未发现感染性钉螺。结论全市血吸虫病疫情呈稳中有降的低度流行态势,但钉螺分布仍面广量大,需坚持开展低度流行区的血吸虫病监测巩固与防治工作。

Objective To report and analyze the surveillance data of schistosomiasis in Wuhan area in 2016. Methods Based on the 2015 Surveillance Program for Schistosomiasis in Wuhan Area, we conducted surveillance on the schistosomiasis infection in permanent population, migrants and livestock as well as snail distribution and infected snails, and wild stools in the 28 monitoring sites established in 12 schistosomiasis endemic areas in Wuhan area. The surveillance data were collected, categorized and analyzed. Results In 2016, 51 cases of schistosomiasis were reported across the city, all of whom were chronic infection by clinical diagnosis. A total of 15 399 local residents living in the monitoring sites received serologic screening, 343 were found antibody positive（2. 23% ）. Stool examination in 342 subjects indicated no infection. Positive antibody was found in 14（0. 27% ） of the 5 122 migrants undergone serologic screening, yet infection was free in the 14 stool samples. Stool samples were also collected from 473 capita of livestock, the examination revealed no infection. A total of 2055.82 hm^2 of areas were surveyed within the monitoring sites, where 975.47 hm^2 of areas were found with snails. However, no emerging or re - emerging snails as well as infected snails were found in 2016. Conclusion Although endemic schistosomiasis remains in stable prevalence and tends to decrease in Wuhan area, the snails are still distributed in wider areas. Monitoring efforts and preventive measures should be consolidated and lasted in areas with lower schistosomiasis prevalence.