花授粉算法优化PID参数的变冲量汽包水位控制

PID Parameters Optimization Based on Flower Pollination Algorithm for Control System of Varying Impulse Drum Level

本文采用花授粉算法对锅炉汽包水位控制系统的PID控制器参数进行优化,并且设置了单冲量、双冲量和串级三冲量三者之间自动选择切换的变冲量控制.在花授粉算法优化PID控制器参数中,通过选取适应度函数和设定位置迭代公式将比列、积分、微分三个参数进行优化;在此基础上,采用惩罚控制抑制超调量,并给出了花授粉算法优化PID参数的改进算法.相对于常规和模糊PID算法,改进后的PID算法具有更短的调节时间和更小的超调量.在变冲量选择控制中,根据蒸汽流量负荷的不同,使用选择开关,有选择的将蒸汽流量和给水流量反馈到控制系统中,实现了锅炉汽包水位控制在单冲量、双冲量和串级三冲量三者之间的自动切换.仿真结果验证了上述两种措施的有效性.

In this paper, the parameters of PID controller, which is adopted in the boiler drum water level control system, are optimized through the flower pollination algorithm （FPA）, and the automatic switching control of varying impulse among single impulse, double impulses and cascade three impulses is set. During the optimizing of the PID controller parameters, the three parameters of proportional, integral and differential are optimized through choosing fitness function and setting position recurrence formula based on the FPA; based on these measures, the overshoot is suppressed by the punishment control, and then, the improved PID algorithm is given; compared with the normal and the fuzzy PID algorithm, the improved algorithm has shorter regulating time and smaller overshoot. In the selection control of varying impulse, the flows of steam and feedwater are chosen using selector switch, and feedbacked to the control system, which is adopted to achieve the automatic switching of boiler drum water level control, among the single impulse, double impulses and cascade three impulses. The simulation results prove the validity of the above two methods.