中国高技术产业存在“结构红利假说”吗？--对要素生产率的跨行业、跨省区及跨所有制检验

Is There a ＂Structural Bonus Hypothesis＂ in China＇s High-tech Industry？ ——Cross sector,Cross provincial and Cross ownership Examinations of Factor Productivity

描述了中国高技术产业劳动力和资本要素结构、要素生产率及其演进情况, 利用偏离-份额分析方法解构要素生产率增长,分别检验了生产要素跨行业、跨省区和跨所有制流动对生产率增长带来的结构性贡献.研究发现, 劳动力和资本跨行业流动均产生了“结构红利”; 劳动力和资本跨省区流动均产生了“结构负利”;劳动力跨所有制流动产生了微弱的“结构红利”,资本跨所有制流动产生了“结构负利” .“结构负利”的产生具有如下启示： 合理减少行政干预,释放高技术产业生产要素流动活力,破除高技术产业融资的地域与所有制歧视,逐步建立统一的高技术产业劳动力市场.

This paper describes the evolution of the structure of labor force and capital, the factor productivity and its growth rate of China＇s high tech industry. By using the shift share method to deconstruct the growth of factor productivi ty, this paper examines respectively the structural contribution of cross sector, cross provincial and cross ownership flow of factors to the productivity growth. We find that（i） the cross sector flow of both labor force and capital has produced ＂ structural bonus＂;（ii） the cross provincial flow of both labor force and capital has produced ＂structural negative bonus＂; （iii） the cross ownership flow of labor force has produced weak ＂structural bonus＂ while the cross ownership flow of cap ital has produced ＂structural negative bonus＂. It enlightens us that administrative intervention should be rationally reduced to facilitate the flow of factors of the high tech industry. We should try to break the regional and ownership financing dis crimination and gradually establish a unified high tech industry labor market.