马克思主义的传播对早期中国铁路工人运动的影响及启示(1917～1923)

The Influence of the Spread of Marxism on the Early Chinese Railway Workers' Movement and Its Enlightenment( 1917 ～ 1923)

纵观整个中国工人运动史,铁路工人队伍无疑是中国最早受到马克思主义影响的工人队伍之一,这与早期中国铁路工人革命斗争性强、传播信息速度快、社会影响力大、纪律严明便于组织等特点是分不开的。马克思主义在早期中国铁路工人队伍中的传播,唤醒了铁路工人的斗争意识,催生了工会组织,推动着铁路工人罢工浪潮的兴起,影响深刻。探究这一时期马克思主义与早期中国铁路工人运动相结合的历史过程,对于现阶段推进马克思主义大众化具有重要的启示意义,即在此过程中也应当坚持理论与实践相结合、针对不同群体使用不同话语、注重受众的参与和反馈等,只有这样才能真正实现马克思主义大众化。

Throughout the history of Chinese workers＇ movement, the contingent of railway workers was undoubtedly one of the first teams that were influenced by Marxism. The own features of early Chinese railway workers, such as their strong willingness to fight for revolution, the capability to spread information, the great social influence, and the high degree of self-discipline and solidarity, made them easy to accept the Marxist influence. In the initial stage of its transmission among the teams of railway workers, Marxism exerted a great influence on them by arousing their awareness to fight, helping them to establish the labor union, and guiding them to organize the strikes. Exploring the historical process of the combination of Marxism and the early movements of railway workers will have an enlightening significance on the present popularization of Marxism. That is, keep adhering to the combination of theory and practice, use different discourse for different groups, and highlight the participation and feedback of the audience-only by these methods can the popularization of Marxism be truly realized.