脑瘫儿童行为问题与家庭教养方式相关性研究

Behavioral characteristics and family education in children with cerebral palsy

目的:调查脑瘫儿童行为问题特征与其家庭教养方式间的相关性,为后续的家庭干预提供依据。方法:应用自编脑瘫患儿基本情况调查表、Conners儿童行为问卷(父母用量表)、中国父母教养方式评价量表(父母版),对53例3~10岁脑瘫患儿心理行为问题进行调查。结果:行为异常患儿检出率64.2%(34/53),其中女性患儿检出率61.5%(8/13);男性患儿检出率65.0%(26/40),性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。行为因子检出率最高的为学习问题(49.1%),其次为品行问题(22.6%)。专制粗暴因子分与Conners儿童行为问卷中的品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动、焦虑及多动指数5个因子分均呈正相关(P<0.05),情感联系因子分与品行问题、冲动多动及多动指数3个因子分均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:脑瘫儿童的心理行为问题检出率较高,以学习困难、品行问题、多动等心理行为问题为主要表现,其心理行为问题与家庭教养方式相关,专制粗暴型的家庭教养方式可致多种儿童心理行为问题增加,良好的教养方式有助于减少脑瘫儿童相应的心理行为问题。

Objective： To investigate the behavioral characteristics in children with cerebral palsy and their family education patterns for evidence to plan intervention measures in scientific fashion. Methods： A survey was conducted in 53 children（ aged from 3 to 10 years） of cerebral palsy using self-programmed basic questionnaire,Conners Parent Rating Scale and Education Pattern Scale from Chinese Parents. Results： Abnormal behavior was detected in64. 2%（ 34/53） of the children. The abnormal behavior was 61. 5% in girls（ 8/13）,and 65. 0% in boys（ 26/40）. The difference was insignificant in gender（ P〉 0. 05）. The highest detected rate for behavior factor was associated with learning problems（ 49. 1%）,followed by conduct problems（ 22. 6%）.The scoring of brutal tyranny factor was positively correlated with the conduct problems,learning problems,impulsivity and hyperactivity,anxiety and hyperactivity index by Conners scale（ P〈 0. 05）,yet emotional connection factor was negatively correlated with conduct problems,hyperactivity and impulsive hyperactivity index（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion： Psychological and behavioral problems are higher in children with cerebral palsy,and dominated by learning difficulties,behavior problems,hyperactivity and other psychological and behavioral problems. These problems are associated with psychological conditions of the children themselves and family education. Family education in brutal and tyranny fashion will lead to worsened mental problems,yet better parenting modality will reduce the mental problems in children with cerebral palsy.