365例晚期癌症患者照顾者心理韧性现状及影响因素分析

Resilience of Caregivers of Patients with Advanced Cancer and Its Influence Factors: A 365-case Study

目的调查晚期癌症患者照顾者的心理韧性,并探讨其影响因素。方法采取便利取样方法 ,选取于2017年1—7月我院收治的IV期肿瘤患者的照顾者作为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷,心理韧性量表,社会支持量表和照顾者负担量表对其进行调查。采用多元线性回归分析其影响因素。结果本组晚期癌症照顾者心理韧性得分为(61.24±16.28)分;多元线性回归结果显示,照顾者负担、社会支持、文化程度和宗教信仰是心理韧性的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论晚期癌症患者照顾者心理韧性处于中等水平,有待提高。尤其是对于照顾者负担重、缺乏社会支持、文化程度高和无宗教信仰者,医护人员应分析具体原因给予个体化的干预。认真倾听关心照顾者,鼓励其通过日记或言语的诉说来抒发情感,通过动机性访谈等方式了解其照顾需求,积极提供足够的患者照顾信息和缓解经济压力的策略。积极利用和开发照顾者的支持系统,以提高其积极感受水平,从而提升其心理韧性水平。

Objective To investigate the resilience of caregivers of patients with advanced cancer and to explore its influence factors. Methods With convenient sampling, cancer patients in stage IV from January to July 2017 were involved as objects and surveyed by using general information questionnaire, Connor-davidson Resilience Scale（CD_RISC）,Social Support Rating Scale and Caregiver Burden Inventory（CBI）. Multivariate linear regression analysis was using for influence factor analysis. Results The score of resilience was 61.24±16.28 and multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that burden of the caregivers, social support,education background and religion belief were major influence factors of resilience（P0.05）. Conclusion The resilience of caregivers of patients with advanced cancer is in a medicate level and needs to be improved. Individualized intervention should be performed for caregivers with heavy burden, with less social support, high educated and without religious belief. Diary or communication with others helps to relieve stress, motivational interviewing to know about their care need, adequate information and strategies to reduce their economic burden. Social support system benefits improving caregivers ＇ perceive perception level thus promoting their resilience.