热休克蛋白22的胞外释放途径及信号转导对动脉粥样硬化的影响

Effect of Extracellular Release of HSP22 and Signal Transduction on Atherosclerosis

热休克蛋白22(HSP22)通常被认为是一个内在伴侣蛋白,通过调节肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、核因子κB(NF-κB)等细胞因子的表达,改善动脉粥样硬化。HSP22还存在于胞外,本综述以HSP22的细胞外分泌为切入点,提出HSP22可能通过溶酶体途径、外泌体途径或直接蛋白易位的方式分泌出胞;探讨胞外HSP22可能通过激活TLRs信号通路,调节细胞因子的分泌;分析HSP22通过调节炎症反应和氧化应激从而起心血管保护作用,并提出热休克蛋白诱导剂可能给动脉粥样硬化的治疗提供全新的思路。

HSP22 is usually considered as an intrinsic chaperone that ameliorates atherosclerosis by regulating the expression of cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）,intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1） and nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）.HSP22 also exists in the extracellular space.This article puts forward three potential HSP22 exocytosis pathways,including lysosomal pathway,exosome channel and direct protein translocation.Extracellular HSP22 may regulate the secretion of cytokines through activating TLRs.In addition,this paper analyzes the cardiovascular protection by HSP22 against inflammation and oxidative stress,suggesting that the inducers of HSPs provide a new idea for the treatment of atherosclerosis.