哮喘中微小RNA的功能及临床价值研究进展

Research progress of function and clinical value of microRNA in asthma

哮喘是十分常见的呼吸系统疾病,气道免疫炎性反应、高反应性及气道重建是哮喘的重要病理生理特征。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)作为非编码RNA的一类,在人生理及病理状态下发挥着重要的调控作用。大量的研究数据显示,特异miRNA的作为重要的调控分子参与了哮喘发生与发展的全过程。分子生物学检测技术的发展拓展了miRNA作为无创生物学指标用于哮喘诊断及评估的临床应用范围。此外,基于特异miRNA靶点的哮喘治疗方法处于研究中,虽然基础研究显示出了较好的治疗效果,但是距离临床实际应用还有许多困难需要克服。

Asthma is very common as a respiratory disease,which is characterized by airway immune inflammatory response,hyperresponsiveness and airway reconstruction. Micro RNA（ miRNA）,a kind of non-coding RNA,plays an important regulatory role in human physiology and pathology. Numerous experimental data approved that the specific miRNA participated in occurrence and development of asthma as an important regulator. The development of molecular biological detection technology extended the application of miRNA in the diagnosis and evaluation of asthma as a non-invasive biological indicator. Despite good therapeutic effects,there is a long way to go.