秋水仙素对红肉火龙果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of colchicine treatments on seed germination and seedling growth of Hylocereus polyrhizus

以红皮红肉火龙果红仙蜜种子为试材,分别采用0.01%～0.30%(W/V)浓度秋水仙素浸泡干种子和露白种子,研究秋水仙素对火龙果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:与对照(蒸馏水浸泡)相比,随着秋水仙素浓度的升高或浸种时间的延长,火龙果种子发芽率、幼苗存活率和苗长均有不同程度的降低;露白种子对秋水仙素的作用更敏感,0.01%秋水仙素24 h、0.05%秋水仙素12 h均对苗长有明显的抑制作用。秋水仙素浸种和露白处理后分别可获得0.2%～4.2%和0.2%～15.8%的植株变异率。其中,以0.20%、0.30%秋水仙素浸种24～48 h或者0.20%秋水仙素露白处理12～24 h诱导红肉火龙果多倍体效果较适宜。

Taking seeds from red pitaya‘ Hongxianmi＇ fruit（ Hylocereus polyrhizus） as experiment materials,the effects of 0.01 %-0.30%（ W/V） colchicines with different exposure time on seed germination and seedling growth were studied. The results showed that,compared with the control（ treated by distilled water）,the seed germination rate,survival rate and seedling length were inhibited by soaking-seed with the increasing of colchicine concentration and/or the extension of exposure time. The water-soaked-well seeds were more sensitive to colchicine,e.g. the seedling lengths were significant suppressed by the two treatments of 0.01% colchicine for 24 hours or 0.05%colchicine for 12 hours. Meanwhile,colchicine soaking-seed and water-soaked-well seeds would obtain 0.2%-4.2%and 0.2%-15.8% morphological variation seedling,respectively. The most efficient induction combination of ploidy variation was 0.20%,0.3% colchicine soaking-seed with 24-48 hours exposure or 0.20% colchicine water-soakedwell seeds with 12-24 hours exposure.