奶牛机体甲烷的产生及营养调控措施的研究进展

Research Progress on Methane Production and Nutritional Control Measures in Dairy Cattle

近年来,随着畜牧业高度集约化生产的发展,我国奶牛的饲养数量迅速增长,奶牛正常生命活动产生的大量气体(CO_2和CH_4)对空气、土壤和水质造成严重污染,加剧了温室效应。奶牛胃肠道发酵产生的CH_4气体是养殖业碳排放的主要来源之一,控制奶牛CH_4排放对减轻环境污染,缓解温室效应有着十分重要的作用。因此,本文针对奶牛机体CH4的产生及如何通过营养调控手段控制奶牛生产中CH_4的排放展开综述。

With the development of highly intensive livestock husbandry in recent years, the number of cows in our country has increased rapidly. The large amount of gas （CO2, CH4） generated by the normal life activities of dairy cows has seriously polluted the air, soil and water quality, intensifed the greenhouse effect. The CH4 gas produced by the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows is one of the main sources of carbon emissions in aquaculture. Controlling CH4 emissions from dairy cows plays an important role in alleviating environmental pollution and mitigating the greenhouse effect. Therefore, this article reviews the production of CH4 in dairy cows and how to control CH4 emissions in dairy cattle through nutrition regulation.