生育政策改变后某三甲医院产科患者构成分析

Constitution Analysis of the Obstetric Patients in a Class A Hospital after Changes in Fertility Policy

目的通过对比分析笔者所在医院产科2014年-2016年住院孕产妇构成的变化及其合并的高危因素的变化,探讨生育政策改变对医院产科带来的影响,进而为今后高危孕产妇的管理方向和干预重点提供参考和理论依据。方法根据住院原因及妊娠结局,将2014年1月—2016年12月在长治医学院附属和平医院产科住院的孕产妇进行归类分组——生产组、未生产组,采用χ~2检验、秩和检验分析对比不同年份两组构成的差异及各组中不同年份住院的孕产妇合并的高危因素变化情况。结果 2014—2016年住院患者构成有明显差异,2015年人们的生育意愿较低,且有生产意愿的孕妇高危妊娠率高于其他年份;高龄孕产妇、经产妇比例在增高;孕产妇合并的高危因素增高的有高龄、合并高血压、合并甲状腺疾病、合并盆腔肿瘤、胎膜早破、先兆早产。结论高危妊娠的孕产妇是三级医院诊疗的重点,在医疗资源有限的情况下,应合理收治患者。

Objective To study the effect of changes of family policy on the department of obstetrics in the hospital by comparing and analyzing the ratio changes of delivery women in the department of obstetrics in the hospital fi＇om 2014 to 2016, and changes of high-risk factors thus providing reference and theoretical basis for the management direction and intervention key points of high-risk maternal women. Methods The maternal women in the department of obstetrics in the affiliated heping hospital of Changzhi medical college from January 2014 to December 2016 were grouped into the production group and non-production group, and the ratio difference of the two groups in different years and changes of high-risk factors of maternal women in various groups in different years were compared. Results There was an obvious difference in the ratio of inpatients from 2014 to 2016, and the fertility desire of people in 2015 was lower, and the high-risk pregnant rate of delivery women with delivery willingness was higher than that in other years; and the ratios of senile maternal women and muhiparae increased, and the old age, hypertension, thyroid disease, tumor of pelvis, premature rupture of fetal membranes and threatened premature labor were the high-risk factors of maternal women. Conclusion The maternal women with high-risk pregnancy is the key point of diagnosis and treatment of class A hospital, under the condition of limited medical resources, the patients should be rationally admitted and treated.