油管输送射孔井下封井技术研究

Research on well sealing technology of tubing conveyed perforating

油管输送射孔在超压井施工起下管柱时会发生井口溢流、井涌和井喷等现象,既会造成环境污染又存在安全性问题。为此研究了适合油田射孔作业特点的油管输送射孔井下封井技术。井下封井器主要包括锚定机构、坐封机构、丢手机构三部分,采用上提下放锚定方式和上提拉断销钉丢手方式进行封井。在管输射孔枪定位、起爆后,上提管柱至油层顶界,直接封隔油层,可有效预防井喷事故。下完井管柱时,底部直接连接打捞工具将其解封,完井后处于不坐封、不坐卡状态,不影响油井正常生产及水井正常配注,在减少劳动强度的基础上有效避免了环境污染等事故的发生。现场应用结果表明,整套工具的各项技术指标都满足设计要求,工具在井下能够顺利完成锚定、胶筒密封和管柱丢手等各项规定动作,且开关动作灵活,安全可靠,为油管输送射孔提供有力的技术支持。

The phenomenon of wellhead overflow,kickout and blowout occurs when the tubing conveyed perforating（ TCP） operates in the overpressure well,which can cause environmental pollution and safety problems.In order to solve these problems,this paper has developed a TCP downhole sealing technology that is suitable for the perforating operations in oil-fields.The downhole packer mainly includes three parts： an anchoring mechanism,a setting sealing mechanism,and a releasing mechanism.The well is sealed by the method of hoisting up or setting down anchoring and the method of pulling up and broking pin to release.After positioning and detonating the TCP gun,lifting the string to the top boundary of the oil layer to seal the oil layer directly,which can prevent blowout accidents effectively.When landing string completed,the bottom is directly connected with the fishing tool to unseal it so that it is in a state of no setting and no sticking after the completion,so as not to affect the normal production of the well and the normal injection of the water well,which effectively avoided accidents such as environmental pollution on the basis of reducing labor.The field application results show that all the technical indicators of the tool meet the design requirements,and the tool can smoothly complete the specified actions such as anchoring,sealing of the cartridge,and releasing in the downhole,moreover the switching action is flexible,safe and reliable.It can provide technical support for the TCP.