鲁迅“国民性”批判与民国文学史的建构

A Criticism of Lu Xun's “Chinese National Character” and the Construction of Literature History in the Republic of China

鲁迅国民性批判话语植根于晚清民初的国家政治社会体系之中,其批判的主题也随着社会政治的发展而变化,即从农民、知识分子转为城市市民、城市文化的批判。不仅在五四新文学运动中产生了深远影响,亦引领了民国(1912-1949)文学创作的主题。在当前民国文学史的建构与书写中,将其置身于民国机制下,重新思考其在文学发展史上的地位,为鲁迅研究提供一个新视角。

Lu Xun’s critical words of “Chinese National Character” rooted from the political system between late Qing dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. The theme of his criticism followed the changes of the social politics. It switched from the criticism of the farmer, intellectual, to the citizen and city culture. It not only has a deep influence on the new literature movement, but also leads the theme of the literature creation in the Republic of China. In the construction and compiling of the literature history of the Republic China, under the mechanism of Republic of china, the reconsideration of his position in the history of literature development, presents a new perspective for Lu Xun’s study.