结直肠癌人体肿瘤移植小鼠模型的研究进展

Recent progress in patient-derived tumor xenograft mouse models of colorectal cancer

人体肿瘤移植(patient-derived tumor xenograft,PDX)模型通过将患者新鲜的肿瘤组织直接移植到免疫缺陷小鼠,可以较好地保持原发肿瘤的生物学特性及与患者相似的遗传特性和肿瘤异质性,在临床肿瘤的精准治疗研究中可起到不可替代的作用,但在其模型建立成功率、时效性和成本控制等方面仍存在不足。本文就人结直肠癌PDX模型构建的实验动物及移植组织类型和方式的选择、最新应用进展和面临的挑战进行综述。

Patient derived tumor xenograft （PDX） models,whereby tumor from individual patient is grafted into an immune deficient mouse, stand out amongst these advanced research platforms as most accurately ones which can well resemble the human tumor counterpart genetically and heterogeneously while maintaining the biological properties of primary tumor. These models have been shown to be a valuable tool for the research of precision medicine. However, there are still deficiencies in the success rate,timeliness and cost control of the model. This review summarizes the selection of experimental animals and transplantation tissue types and methods of human colorectal cancer PDX model,and the latest application progress and challenges.