转化医学研究领域的super “STAR”:外泌体相关诊疗技术现状与前景

Super “STAR” in translational medicine: current status and prospects of exosome-related diagnosis and treatment technologies

近年来,外泌体在生物医药研究领域受到高度关注,尤其是在精准医学相关的诊断技术研发和临床转化中被寄予厚望,例如在疾病无创性诊断、肿瘤液态活组织检查、精准药物研发和临床疗效监测等方面均有大量的外泌体相关研究报道。外泌体具有稳定(stable)、示踪(trackable)、活性(active)和实时(real-time)4个生物学特性,有望成为转化医学下一代"STAR"的关键因素。2014年以来,外泌体相关研究呈爆发式增长,已经有不少外泌体相关的新型诊疗专利技术或产品出现。本文简要概述外泌体的研究历史、生物学特性及诊疗技术的研发现状,并初步分析外泌体相关技术的转化研究发展趋势及前景。

Recently, exosome has gained great attention in the field of biomedical research, especially in precision medicine-related diagnostic technology and clinical transformation of therapeutic strategies. There have been a large number of exosome-related studies involving non-invasive diagnosis of diseases, liquid biopsy of tumor, development of precision drugs and observation of clinical efficacy. Exosomes possess four biological characteristics： stable, trackable, active and real-time, which make them the key factors for the next generation＂STAR＂of translational medicine. Since 2014 exosomerelated studies began to show an explosive increase, and several exosome-associated patent technologies or products have appeared. This article summarizes the research history, biological characteristics and clinical exploration of exosomes, and analyzes the prospects of exosome-related technology.